ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS OF USE OF ENGLISH PRACTICE

Hello! Here are the answers and explanations of the USE OF ENGLISH practice. If you have a very important doubt, you can write it and email it to me. I'll answer it as soon as possible. Take care,
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EXERCISE 1: Adjectives: Write the appropriate character adjectives and the correspondent synonyms/antonyms
Adjective: Bossy (a person who likes to tell others what to do)
Adjective: Generous (a person who is willing to give money, help, kindness, etc., especially more than is usual or expected) Synonym: Unselfish Antonym: Selfish
Adjective: Patient (a person who has the ability to wait, or to continue doing something despite difficulties, or to suffer without complaining or becoming annoyed) Antonym: Impatient
Adjective: Sensitive (a person who easily cries or feels emotionally affected by a situation) Antonym: Insensitive
Adjective: Greedy (a person who loves money and who is thinking about how to get it ALL THE TIME)
Adjective: Wicked (morally wrong and bad) Synonym: Cruel Synonym: Cold-hearted
EXERCISE 2: Adjective order:

(1)luxurious (new) huge (2) pretty young blond (3) fantastic (new) photo
EXERCISE 3: Comparisons: write your sentences:
- France is the smallest country of the three – South Africa is the biggest of the three
- South Africa is the most populated country of the three – France is the least populated of the three
- Mount Blanc is the highest mountain of the three countries – Orange is the lowest mountain of the three countries.
- Murray is the longest river of the three countries – Loire is the shortest river of the three countries.
- France is smaller than Australia – Australia is bigger than France.
- South Africa is more populated than Australia – Australia is less populated than South Africa
- Thabana Ntlenyana is higher than Mauson Peak - Mauson Peak is lower than TN.
-Murray is longer than Orange – Orange is shorter than Murray.
EXERCISE 4 : Phrasal verbs:
1. get on with 2. put me through 3. put on 4. run out of 5. came out 6. come into (The explanations of these phrasal verbs are the bold phrases in the exercise).
EXERCISE 5: Present simple and continuous, present perfect and continuous:
(1) have been searching (present perfect continuous – to put emphasis on the length of time of this TEMPORARY situation)
(2) haven't found (present perfect simple – an action that started in the past and hasn’t finished. The use of YET makes us understand that the speaker wants to finish this action in the near future and he/she probably will)
(3) do you want (present simple – static verb (a verb that expresses a feeling, such as “love” or “hate”cannot be used in continuous tenses) for a permanent situation)
(4) are (present simple – same as previous answer)
(5) are always arguing (present continuous – a temporary situation that implies an action taking place)
(6) have you ever complained (present perfect simple – asking if an action happened at any moment in your life, from the moment you were born till now)
(7) don't stop/haven't stopped (present simple or present perfect simple – if you think about this as a permanent state, you write present simple. If you consider the moment they started arguing until now, you write present perfect simple)
(8) keep on (present simple – permanent state)
(9) haven't been able (present perfect continuous – key word: “LATELY”. it stresses the idea of emphasis on the length of time of this TEMPORARY situation)
(10) have been feeling (present perfect continuous – same as previous answer)
EXERCISE 6: Past simple or present perfect
1.A: saw (past simple – key phrase: “LAST NIGHT”)
B: have already seen (present perfect simple – key word: “ALREADY”. An action that can take place in the future again and that has taken place at some indeterminate moment in the speaker’s life)
2. A: has worked (present perfect – key phrase: “FOR SIXTEEN YEARS”. An action that started in the past and continuous at present).
B: started (past simple – key phrase: “TEN YEARS AGO”. Emphasis set on the moment this action began, not the time this action has been taking place).
3. A: Have you ever met (present perfect – key word: “EVER” Emphasis on the idea of “at some point in your life”).
B: saw (past simple – only once in your life. A past action with no connection with the present).
B: met (past simple – same as previous answer)
4. A: left, caught, realised, were (past simple – key word: “YESTERDAY”. Then, we have a series of actions, one after the other, with no other time reference)
B: has happened (present perfect – at some point in my life that I don’t specify) did you do (past simple – going back to the episode of leaving the keys inside the house)
A: called (simple past – simple action in the past that only took place once in the past)
5. A: have already made, have just swept (present perfect simple – key words: “ALREADY” and “JUST” respectively. Completion of action in the near past, implying that you still doing the housework). Haven’t started (present perfect – The use of YET makes us understand that the speaker wants to finish this action in the near future and he/she probably will)
B: did (past simple – key word: “YESTERDAY”. simple action in the past that only took place once in the past)
6. A: did you begin (past simple – you can only begin once an activity. Therefore, it is a simple action in the past that only took place once in the past. Moreover, the answer is “ten years ago” emphasising the simple past action)
B: have recently completed (present perfect – key word: “RECENTLY”.) asked (past simple – key phrase: “A YEAR AGO”)
7. B: have just passed (present perfect – key word: “JUST”. An action recently finished that has consequences in the present (I’m really happy))
8. A: Have you always had (present perfect – key word: “ALWAYS” asking for an action that may have lasted ALL your life)
B: was (past simple – key phrase: “WHEN I WAS YOUNG”. No connection with the present. We understand the speaker is not a young person any more).
EXERCISE 7: Past simple and past continuous: write your answers only (don’t copy the rest of the exercise)
1. was driving/ had (after WHEN, we write past simple. Therefore, we write past continuous in the previous verb)
2. was walking/ tripped (same as previous answer)
3. didn't see/ were talking (an action that was in progress (were talking) when another action interrupted it (didn’t see). In this case, the first action wasn’t interrupted because they didn’t see him. If so, it would have been interrupted).
4. was having/ didn't hear (same as previous answer)
5. were walking/ heard (same as 1 and 2)
6. were having/ decided (same as 3 and 4)
7. arrived/ were playing (same as 1, 2, and 5)
8. was having/ saw (after WHILE, we write past continuous. Therefore, we write past simple in the previous verb).
9. were you doing/ rang (same as 1, 2, 5, and 7)
10. were you running /saw (same as 1, 2, 5, 7 and 9)
11. was talking / didn't know / came/ asked (same as 8)
12. were dancing/ stood/ screamed/ stopped/ walked (same as 8 and 11)
13. were walking/ noticed/ started/ ignored/ ordering/ hoped (same as 8, 11 and 12)
EXERCISE 8: Multiple Choice: Write the correct letter (a – b – c) next to the numbers
1-A SB P9
2-C SB P9
3-B SB P21
4-A SB P21 (after prepositions, you write gerunds (verb+ing)
5-B SB P22 (set expression. After “would like”, you always write “to+infinitive. For example: would you like to have some tea?)
6-B AB P15 (ING/TO forms)
7-C SB P35 (the following word is a verb (help))
8-C SB P35 (the following is a clause (we don’t need...) with subject, verb, and the rest. Moreover, there is a future reference. See SB P134).
9-C key word, LOGGING (cutting down trees)
10-A AB P21
11-B LANDMARK is a building or place that is easily recognized, especially one which you can use to judge where you are and SIGHTSEEING is the visiting of interesting places, especially by people on holiday, while WILDLIFE is “animals and plants that grow independently of people, usually in natural conditions”.
12-B SB P42
13-B AB P29 TRIP: a journey in which you go somewhere, usually for a short time, and come back again. JOURNEY: the act of travelling from one place to another, especially in a vehicle. VOYAGE: a long journey, especially by ship.
14-C SB P43 (describing myself, my temporary state)
15-B THRILLING and FRIGHTENING are impossible because ING participles are used to describe a permanent characteristic of somebody/something. For example: This film is exciting!